Oakland Teachers Participate in General Strike

As of this morning, 268 teachers had called in for subs at Oakland Unified School District, according to Katy Murphy, of the Contra Costa Times? Last Wednesday, only 24 called in for subs. While this is nothing close to what is needed for a successful General Strike, it is a significant increase in absenteeism that is no doubt due to teachers’ participation in the strike.

In related news, thousands have participated in today’s day of actions, marching on banks, as well as the Port of Oakland. Students have skipped class to join the protests. Unions have provided food. Because so few long shore workers actually showed up for work today, the port was effectively shut down. And, as of 4 pm, the police have been relatively quiet, despite the fact that some protestors smashed bank windows.

It has been speculated that the police are engaging in their own strike against Mayor Jean Quan, who called on police to violently suppress Occupy Oakland last week, and then placed all the blame on the police. However, it would be a mistake to assume that they will continue to stay quiet, especially if the protests persist or escalate in intensity.

As protestors head to the Port of Oakland to shut it down this evening, there is still plenty of opportunity for violent police repression, like in 2003, when they attacked protestors at the port by firing wooden dowels and bean bag bullets at them.

While it could be argued that today’s Day of Action was a success, as thousands participated and effectively slowed business at many banks and businesses, it should be emphasized that it was no General Strike. Capitalism and profit-making were not significantly halted. A relatively small percentage of workers actually refused to labor today. Most of the mainstream unions did everything in their power to ensure that their members showed up for work and upheld their compact with the bosses.

Labor Standing With (A Safe Distance From) Occupy Oakland

Labor continues to assert that it is standing with the Occupy movement. They have even thrown their support behind the November 2 General Strike, sort of. The Alameda Labor Council and the California Labor Federation are encouraging members to participate in noon-time work site actions and a 5 pm mobilization, according to the UFO-CIA Blog. Additionally, the Peralta teachers union and the ILWU have publicly stated they won't call for a strike on November 2, according to the Atlantic Wire.

In other words: no General Strike, no work stoppage, and no risk.

Many workers are entitled to duty-free lunches and can picket, march, meet, or rally during their lunches without risk of retaliatory actions. Workers whose day officially ends at 5:00 should likewise be able to participate without reprisals, theoretically.

However, none of this makes a General Strike, which requires the majority of businesses to be shut down completely, and can only happen if the majority of workers refuse to do any work at all.

So Why So Much Theoretical Solidarity, And So Little Actual Solidarity?

It is illegal for unions to join in solidarity strikes under the Taft-Hartley Act, which was enacted after America's last great General Strike, which occurred coincidentally in Oakland, in 1946. Officially supporting the General Strike could result in millions of dollars in fines and legal expenses to the unions. 

However, even before Taft-Hartley, trade unions were serving as Capital’s occupation police, helping the bosses to keep the rabble in line by resisting, weakening and limiting strikes and job actions and through compromises with the bosses that water down contract protections, benefits and pay. Leaders of the big unions typically earn six-figure salaries, but only so long as they and their members remain subservient to the bosses. It is a relationship that keeps the workers working and earning, even if at a perpetually declining rate. As long as the workers are working, and especially if they are doing it more efficiently and productivity is increasing, the corporate bosses are happy and will reaffirm their compact with the labor bosses.

General Strikes place this relationship at risk. General Strikes have the potential to radicalize workers. Historically, General Strikes have empowered and emboldened workers to increase their demands. When workers recognize their power through a General Strike, especially one opposed or unsupported by their union leadership, they may move toward dumping the union bosses off their backs.

What remains to be seen is whether workers will ignore their wimpy union leaders and engage in a wildcat General Strike or, if they do not, how this will affect the Occupy Movement. By calling for a General Strike, the movement hoped to send a strong message to the police and the ruling elite that they are powerful. They are, after all, the 99% and, therefore, the larger army—much, much larger army.

If the 99% wanted to, they could shut down the entire capitalist system, dismantle the class relations that exist, redistribute the wealth, and create a new system free of wages, bosses, landlords, capital accumulation, speculation, and elite power.

By threatening a General Strike, they laid their cards on the table: "This is who we are and what we are capable of doing." However, if a General Strike does not occur or is not effective, they send the message that they are disorganized, weak and do not really have the support of the 99%, at least not in action. Without the actions to back up the demands (or non-demands), the ruling elite, the 1%, the politicians, bosses and police, will likely  continue to ignore, ridicule, arrest and/or dismantle the Occupation encampments.

Unions Oppose Oakland General Strike

No Big Surprise:

Oakland's unions have declared that they won't support the General Strike on November 2, called by the Occupy Oakland movement in response to the police brutality against their movement that occurred last week. In addition to tear gas, concussion grenades and bean bag bullets, an Iraq vet was nearly killed when a police projectile hit him in the head.

According to the Atlantic Wire, the Peralta teachers union and the ILWU have both publicly stated they won't call for a strike on November 2. Few, if any unions will, in fact. It is illegal for unions to join in solidarity strikes under the Taft-Hartley Act, which was enacted after America's last great General Strike, which occurred coincidentally in Oakland, in 1946. Officially supporting the General Strike could result in millions of dollars in fines and legal expenses to the unions. Additionally, both unions have said that to call a strike requires a vote of their general membership, something that they cannot easily pull off under such short notice.

However, if recent history is any indication, ILWU members will walk off the job anyway and join the protestors. The Peralta teachers union said it would do what it can to have its members there. The big question is, will other unions support their members' participation and, if so, will enough participate to result in a General Strike?

Iraq War Vet Critically Wounded During Police Raid On Occupy Oakland

Police Assault on Occupy Oakland by Swarm Gallery Oakland

Oakland police cleared the Occupy Oakland encampment on Tuesday morning, but in the evening protestors returned to retake Frank Ogawa Plaza, which they renamed Oscar Grant Plaza in homage to the young man assassinated by BART police last year. The protest was mostly peaceful and nonviolent, except for a few thrown water and paint bottles. However, rather than ignoring these minor incidences or arresting the culprits, police fired projectiles into the crowd, hitting Iraq war veteran Scott Olsen in the head and critically wounding him. Olsen suffered a fractured skull and only just started to regain consciousness late this afternoon. He remains in critical condition.

Police ready to crack heads after being paint "bombed" by protestors (Image by Oakland Local)

The East Bay Express tweeted a picture of rubber bullets one of their journalists found at the scene. However, no police agency has admitted using rubber projectiles. Interim Oakland police Chief Howard Jordan said that his police had used tear gas and bean-bag bullets, but did not fire rubber bullets, according to the Bay Citizen. The Alameda County Sheriff’s Department said that its officers used foam-like bullets, paint guns and tear gas.  The Berkeley Police Department, the San Francisco Sheriff’s Department, the Santa Clara County Office of the Sheriff and the California Highway Patrol also participated in the assault. In all, 17-18 different police agencies participated.

While no police agency has admitted using rubber bullets (certainly none wants to take responsibility for Olsen’s injury or possible death), what they have admitted using is appalling: Bean bag bullets, foam-like bullets, paint guns and tear gas. Furthermore, demonstrators claim that police launched flash-bang (concussion) grenades at them as they attempted to rescue Olsen and cart him away. The You-Tube footage of Olsen’s rescue appears to support this claim. (Click here to see the footage)

Police readying to fire on protestors (Image by Oakland Local)

 While the police assault was clearly excessive and unnecessary to simply clear a few hundred demonstrators from the street (only 100 were arrested), it was likely intended to send a message to demonstrators that they cannot beat the overwhelming firepower or the will of the state. The Bay Citizen quoted one cop who complained that “We’ve been placating these people so long that they don’t take us seriously.” Clearly, they intended to change this view. Other police expressed dismay at the fact that the mayor allowed the encampment to last as long as it did, as if the mere presence of a tent city would somehow lead to violence or criminal activity.

The message not to mess with the state may have backfired, though, by galvanizing the movement and causing its popularity to snowball. Last night, spontaneous marches in support of Occupy Oakland erupted in New York and elsewhere. Occupy Oakland is now calling for a city-wide General Strike on November 2 which, if successful, will disrupt business far more than the Occupy movement has done up until now.

The overwhelming police violence has also landed Oakland’s Mayor Jean Quan in the hot seat, prompting her to reverse her stance and allow the Oakland protestors to remain in their encampment, giving the protestors a small, short-term victory. Police in San Francisco are considering calling off their planned raid on the Occupy SF encampment today. Both actions come out of fear of escalating the size and militancy of the movement as well as fear of alienating voters.

Quan’s Facebook page had dozens of calls for her resignation and her phone number was posted leading to her voicemail being quickly filled with angry messages. One of her advisors has resigned as a result of the police assault. City finance officials are complaining about the $1 million price tag for the police overtime and clean up. One was quoted by the Bay Citizen saying “Wall Street’s not going broke, but the city of Oakland will,” in a sympathetic nod to the protestors.

They Shoot Veterans, Don’t They?

Scott Olsen served two tours of duty in Iraq, despite the fact that he opposed the war. When he returned, he joined Iraq Veterans Against the War and Veterans for Peace. He participated in the Wisconsin State Building occupation last year and had been an active participant in both the Occupy Oakland and Occupy San Francisco movements. He had been going to his job during the day and returning to the encampments at night, according to his roommate and comrade from the war. He was, according to his roommate, an incredibly peaceful and nonviolent man.

Television footage of his shooting showed him moving away from police just prior to being shot, not toward them. He was not throwing anything or doing anything at all threatening. There was no justification for picking him out from the crowd and, in all likelihood, he just happened to be the unlucky one who got hit by a trigger happy cop.

The cops couldn’t have chosen a more sympathetic victim, short of shooting a child or a kitten. War veterans are considered heroes by most Americans. Patriots love them. Even those who oppose war generally have a sympathetic respect for their sacrifices and trials. The thought that an American could risk his life in a war zone and return to the U.S. only to be shot and possibly killed by police in an American city while exercising his free speech rights must be horrifying to most Americans, particularly in light of the popular support for the movement.

On the other hand, we will likely see much more of this sort of police violence in coming weeks, as they attempt to clear out Occupy encampments in other cities, including more serious injuries and possibly even deaths, as were more common in the 60s and early 70s. Atlanta recently used SWAT teams to arrest 50 or so Occupy protestors in their city. And if protestors in Oakland attempt to shut down business as usual by blockading roads and highways or by marching on major banks and corporations during their General Strike, they will likely meet more police violence.

I remember a similar call for a General Strike during the first gulf war in 1990, when activists decided to shut down San Francisco, without the support of labor, by blockading roads and highways. It was an interesting idea, but completely implausible. Without workers walking off the job, the only hope of shutting down business was to prevent workers and customers from getting into the city, a naïve and absurd goal for a few hardcore activists and their supporters. Though thousands participated in blockades of the federal building and protests marches, only a few dozen, at most, participated in direct actions intended to halt traffic into the city. While the police did not use tear gas, rubber bullets or concussion grenades, they did beat people silly. One friend of mine was clubbed in the leg repeatedly until he had compound fractures.

Times are different now. People may be more galvanized by the brutal police assault on Tuesday night and their sympathy for Scott Olsen. Who knows, maybe a significant number of workers will buck their unions and stay home from work on November 2 or even march in the streets. At the same time, the police and the state seem much more willing to shoot protestors now than they were 20 years ago. They are also better organized, have more sophisticated weaponry and communication systems, and greater support from the federal government under the Department of Homeland Security.

General Strike Oakland 1946 & 2011?

Street Cars Abandoned by Drivers During Oakland General Strike

The last General Strike in the U.S. occurred in 1946 in Oakland, California. The strike came in response to the anti-labor policies of Hastings and Kahn’s department stores in downtown Oakland. Hundreds of store clerks went on strike in late October. The store enlisted the police to clear away strikers and protect strike-breaking scabs. The AFL voted to walkout in solidarity with the clerks. On December 3, 100,000 workers throughout Oakland joined the strike. The General Strike lasted until December 5.

Last night, Occupy Oakland has called for a General Strike on November 2, to protest the city’s military-style assault on occupation protestors on Tuesday, October 25. Will Oakland become the first U.S. city to have a General Strike in 60 years?

On Tuesday night, police used concussion grenades, helicopters, armored personnel carriers, tear gas and fired rounds of rubber bullets or some sort of projectile that critically wounded Scott Olsen, an Iraq war veteran. Olsen remains in the hospital in critical condition, at risk of dying from his injuries. (You can click here to see footage of the assault).

A General Strike is the correct step to take in response to the police attack, assuming a General Strike can be successfully carried out. The authorities are already nervous about the backlash caused by the police’s heavy handed tactics and the potential for it to galvanize the movement and attract an even wider base. A successful General Strike, even for one day, would demonstrate that this has indeed occurred and the growing power of the movement.

However, a General Strike cannot occur without the support of labor (in action, not just in words). Thousands of protestors in the streets can gum up traffic in one or several parts of town, and slow down profit-making temporarily for a few businesses in those regions, but they cannot halt business on the scale of a General Strike and certainly not enough to make business leaders relinquish any of their wealth or power or even concede to any modest demands. Furthermore, without the support of labor, it will just be another mass direct action that blocks traffic, pisses off commuters, and results in more excessive force by the police.

For a General Strike to be truly effective, business as usual must be halted and the bosses must lose money. This is most effectively done when workers join together, refuse to go to work, and picket or blockade their job sites to prevent scabs or managers from doing their work. It is particularly important to have transit workers on board, as they bring both workers and customers to the businesses. However, an effective General Strike should also emphasize participation by communication and media workers, banking, commerce, public sector workers and others.

Numerous unions have come out in support of the Occupy movement. Many have marched with the occupiers, provided on the ground support and participated in the encampments. However, none have so far taken any job actions to help win the protestors’ demands. Of course, until some concrete demands are expressed, this could be seen as premature. Or, maybe they will see the need to participate in a General Strike simply to send a message to the ruling elite that workers will not tolerate such brutal suppression of free speech and assembly.

The major difference between 1946 and today is the relative militancy and courage of the labor movement. In 1946, the labor movement was relatively strong and significantly larger than it is today. 30% of the workforce was unionized in the 40s and the 50s compared with 12% today. Furthermore, in 1946, the Taft-Hartley Act had not yet been passed. Taft-Hartley forbids solidarity or sympathy strikes, including General Strikes. Ever since Taft-Hartley passed, union leaders have been terrified of being imprisoned or losing their entire war chests to legal fees and fines for participating in an illegal job action. This has been a major justification for the absence of any General Strikes since 1946.

Not A Compelling Argument

If union leaders fear imprisonment, fines and expensive legal costs they can always let their members make the decision for themselves whether to strike and simply stand aside. If, on the other hand, they successfully discourage their members from participating or do anything else to undermine the General Strike, they will show their allies in the encampments that their words of support are empty. More significantly, they will expose their necks to the ruling elite, sending the message that they are unwilling to work together for anything larger than their own members’ contractual issues and that they lack the courage and resolve to fight. The consequence will be an intensification of the assault on unions and working people by the bosses who will correctly interpret the unions’ passivity as weakness.